Day: January 12, 2025
Everyday Life
The “Fixer” Culture in the Philippines: Navigating Bureaucracy and Corruption
The Philippines’ “fixer” culture, locally known as “fixers” or “handlers,” represents a complex intersection of bureaucratic inefficiency, economic necessity, and cultural adaptation. This unofficial system of intermediaries who facilitate transactions with government offices has deep historical roots tracing back to the Spanish colonial period. During this time, complex bureaucratic procedures were intentionally designed to maintain […]
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